
Secondary materials are essential to the circular economy. Derived from recycled waste, they are reintroduced into the economic cycle. The Circular Material Use Rate (CMUR) is one of the ways their share of total material use is tracked. The CMUR was defined in the European Union’s (EU) Circular Economy Action Plan as a key indicator of the circular economy. It is set to nearly double across the EU by 2030, from 12.2% in 2024 to 22.4%.